规则波浪中船舶操纵响应遭遇频率频散概念与机制

采用船舶单自由度横摇运动方程,以及纵摇与垂荡耦合摇荡运动方程,数值模拟了规则波浪中船舶操纵响应不规则摇荡运动现象。假定波浪中船舶遭遇频率具有谐波分量形式,定义了遭遇频率常量、强度和散射频率,提出了船舶遭遇频率频散概念,推导了遭遇频率的频散关系,分析得到了航速和浪向角度变化引起的两种频散机制。散射机制表明:顶浪航行时航速散射效率最高,正横浪航行时航向角散射效率最高。     

A high performance waveform and a new ranging method for the proximity detector

Signal modulation is an essential design factor for proximity detectors and directly affects the system’s potential performance. In order to achieve the advantages of chaotic codes bi-phase modulation (CCBPM) and linear frequency modulation (LFM) simultaneously, this paper designed a waveform which combined chaotic codes bi-phase modulation and linear frequency modulation (CCBPM–LFM) for proximity detectors. The CCBPM–LFM waveform was analyzed in the aspect of time delay resolution (TDR) and Doppler tolerance (DT) based on ambiguity function (AF). Then, a ranging method, which we called instant correlation harmonic demodulation (ICHD), was presented for the detector using the CCBPM–LFM waveform. By combining time domain instant correlation with harmonic demodulation, the ICHD solved the problem caused by combination modulation and made the most of the linear frequency modulation (LFM) harmonics and the correlation of chaotic codes. Finally, a prototype was implemented and ranging experiments were carried out. From the theoretical analysis and experimental results, the proximity detector used the CCBPM–LFM waveform has an outstanding detection performance.     

Anti-follower jamming wide gap multi-pattern frequency hopping communication method

This paper deals with the follower jamming (FJ) resistance for the frequency hopping (FH) communication system over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Conventional FH systems are susceptible to be jammed by FJ, and multi-pattern frequency hopping (MPFH) has good resistance to FJ. To further improve the FJ rejection capability of MPFH, we propose a wide gap multi-pattern frequency hopping (WGMPFH) scheme. WGMPFH uses channels to represent messages, and the data channel and complementary channel are hopping on orthogonal frequency slots according to wide gap FH patterns. The transmitted signal lures FJ to aim at the data channel and the complementary channel is away from FJ by adopting wide gap frequency patterns. FJ does not affect the complementary channel but increases the signal energy in the data channel, thus the effect of FJ is reduced. Its bit error rate (BER) is derived under FJ and the effects of three FJ parameters (tracking success probability, jamming duration ratio and jamming bandwidth ratio) on the BER performance of WGMPFH are investigated versus the conventional FH/BFSK and MPFH system. Numerical and simulation results show that when under the worst-case FJ, the proposed WGMPFH outperforms the MPFH by about 1–3 dB and outperforms the conventional FH/BFSK by more than 4 dB. The proposed WGMPFH shows superior jamming rejection performance under FJ especially in severe signal-to-jamming ratio (SJR).     

基于Teager能量算子的解调方法

为实现调制信号瞬时幅值和瞬时频率的分离检测，研究了Elilbert变换解凋方法和Teager能量算子解调方法，给出了详细算法和应用注意事项。利用仿真信号对两种解调方法进行了对比分析，结果表明：Teager能量算子解调方法解调效果较好，町红机械振动信号的解调分析中广泛采用。     

手性导电复合材料屏蔽效能的数值研究

利用建立在单层无限大手性屏蔽体模型基础上的电磁屏蔽公式，将电导率的贡献等效为介电常数虚部的一部分，通过数值分析方法研究了手性参数对导电复合材料电磁屏蔽效能的影响规律，并细化研究了该参数对反射衰减、吸收衰减和多次反射衰减的影响。数值分析发现，屏蔽效能对手性参数、电导率的变化比较敏感。     

石墨烯电声换能器的设计与对比

为了使石墨烯电声换能器获得最优性能，主要针对石墨烯热致发声器件和静电式发声器件进行了发声机理研究，通过理论建模和分析，得到了薄膜尺寸、厚度以及应力等结构参数对两种电声换能器的频率响应特性的影响规律。通过微纳加工制造方法设计和制备了一批不同结构参数下的电声换能器，并对这些器件进行了性能测试和对比分析，结果表明：薄膜厚度对热致电声换能器发声声压影响显著，即薄膜越薄，该电声换能器的发声声压越大；薄膜半径、厚度和应力对静电式电声换能器的频带影响较大，即薄膜半径越大，厚度越薄，应力越小，该电声换能器频带越宽。以上研究为优化选取石墨烯电声换能器的类型，优化设计结构参数，提升器件发声性能奠定了基础。     

过氧化氢发动机中的低频振荡

过氧化氢是现代液体火箭推进剂的重要发展方向。针对过氧化氢发动机试验中出现的低频振荡现象,通过建立发动机系统模型,对这种振荡现象进行了仿真和分析,成功实现了发动机的稳定工作。本文将有利于结合仿真和试验,促进过氧化氢发动机的研制。     

共址调频和调幅系统干扰机理及干扰抑制需求分析

以调幅和调频电台为研究对象,对共平台接收电台前端低噪声放大器的非线性进行精确建模,分别对调幅电台和调频电台的干扰抑制需求进行解析,并通过数值仿真对解析模型进行验证。结果表明:所提解析模型较现有模型更为准确;当有用信号功率、噪声功率和干扰功率相同时,调幅通信系统的干扰抑制需求高于调频通信系统。     

基于数字信道化的极微弱信号载波频率引导模块设计与实现

针对深空探测中常规点数的FFT无法对极微弱信号进行精确的频率引导,而超长点数的FFT无法用现有器件实现,提出一种基于数字信道化的并行FFT频率引导方法.接收信号先经过数字信道化处理,均匀划分为若干窄带信号,然后分别对各子带信号进行FFT运算,最后通过对各子带有效谱线的联合检测完成载波频率的精确估计.在等效219点FFT的频率引导模块FPGA实现中,通过FFT模块的复用节约了硬件资源开销.测试结果表明:在8MHz采样率下该模块的测频精度小于10Hz.     

多矢量水听器低频近场目标协同定位算法

针对水下小平台难以实现低频近场目标定位的问题,研究了基于多个矢量水听器的协同定位算法。算法将多个矢量水听器视为不同的观测点,利用矢量水听器阵列流型特点估计出目标相对于不同观测点的方位角,根据这些方位角信息利用正交矢量算法对近场目标进行定位,避免了多维搜索过程,减少了计算量。仿真结果表明,算法能够准确地定位低频近场目标,有效地提高定位精度。